The effect of pixel heterogeneity for remote sensing based retrievals of evapotranspiration in a semi-arid tree-grass ecosystem
نویسندگان
چکیده
Many satellite missions rely on modeling approaches to acquire global or regional evapotranspiration (ET) products. However, a current challenge in ET lies dealing with sub-pixel heterogeneity, as models often assume homogeneous conditions at the pixel level. This is particularly an issue for heterogeneous landscapes, such tree-grass ecosystems (TGE). In these areas, while appearing larger spatial scales pertaining single land cover type, separation of spectral signals main landscape features (e.g. trees and grasses) may not be achieved conventional sensor resolution 10–1000 m). leads important heterogeneity within grid that accounted traditional frameworks. study examined effect simulations over complex TGE central Spain. High hyperspectral imagery from five airborne campaigns forced two-source energy balance (TSEB) model 1.5–1000 m resolutions. Along this, sharpened (20 m) original (1000 Sentinels Evapotranspiration (Sen-ET) products were evaluated site 2017. Results indicated TSEB accurately simulated (RMSD: ~60 W/m2) when scale was able robustly discriminate between grass tree pixels (<5 uncertainty drastically increased greater than 10 ~115 W/m2). Model performance remains relatively constant 30 1000 resolutions, being similar all scales. For mixed (?30 m), forcing effective roughness into ~80 applying seasonally changing (TSEB-2S; RMSD: ~65 improved performance. The Sen-ET behaved similarly both RMSD roughly 80 W/m2. non-linear relationship input parameters flux output, along poor representation aerodynamic surface roughness, drivers uncertainties coarser These results suggest care should taken using landscapes. procedure inherently account presence vastly different vegetation elements pixel, achieve reliable estimates turbulent fluxes TGE.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Remote Sensing of Environment
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['0034-4257', '1879-0704']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2021.112440